妊娠早期症状与经前期症状之间的相关性分析

目的通过对妊娠早期症状与经前期症状之间的相关性分析,评估经前期症状对妊娠早期症状的预测价值。方法对2014年9~12月在郑州大学第一附属医院产科就诊的305例妊娠期妇女进行问卷调查,采用配对t检验对经前期症状和妊娠早期症状进行差异性分析,分别采用简单线性回归模型、多重线性回归模型对经前期症状与妊娠早期症状进行相关性分析。结果妊娠早期症状出现的频数及严重程度与经前期症状比较,差异均有统计学意义(t=6.9、t=6.7,P0.001);妊娠早期与经前期各症状平均严重程度之间存在大量的相关性;妊娠早期症状的总体严重程度与经前期症状的总体严重程度呈显著性相关(b=0.4,95%CI=0.3~0.5,P0.001)。结论妊娠早期与经前期具有相似的症状模式,妊娠早期出现的某一精神心理症状可通过经前期症状预测,经前期易怒症状的严重程度是预测妊娠早期症状总体严重程度的最佳指标。     

Association between gravidity and risk of metabolic syndrome: Results of Tabari cohort study

Background and aimsThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of gravidity and age at first pregnancy with metabolic syndrome in a large-scale, population-based cohort study in Iran.MethodsThe present secondary analysis was conducted on a subset of the population (5739 women with at least one pregnancy) enrolled in the Tabari cohort study. Reproductive history was collected using a structured questionnaire. The relationship of gravidity and age at first pregnancy with metabolic syndrome and its components was analyzed using the logistic regression model.ResultsThe results showed that after adjustment for confounding variables, the odds of having metabolic syndrome was not significantly associated with age at first pregnancy (P = 0.269) and gravidity (P = 0.504). However, there was an association between hypertension and age at first pregnancy (OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.12–0.82; P = 0.03). Additionally, waist circumference was also associated with gravidity (OR = 2.17, 95% CI = 1.37–3.35).ConclusionAs the findings indicated, age at first pregnancy and gravidity were not associated with the odds of having metabolic syndrome. However, a relationship was found between first pregnancy at the age of >35 years and the decreased risk of hypertension. Gravidity was also found to be a dose-dependent risk factor for increased waist circumference.     

Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting as severe hypercalcemia with acute pancreatitis in pregnancy

Abstract

Primary hyperparathyroidism presenting first time with severe hypercalcemia is rare in pregnancy. We report a case of primary hyperparathyroidism due to a cystic parathyroid adenoma presenting as severe hypercalcemia with acute pancreatitis in second trimester of pregnancy. Acute pancreatitis was managed by conservative treatment. Hypercalcemia failed to respond to medical management and ultimately responded to ultrasound-guided ethanol ablation of parathyroid adenoma. The delivery was uneventful and patient continues to remain normocalcemic during follow up. As such, ethanol ablation of parathyroid adenoma may be considered during pregnancy in case of failure of response to medical management and when surgical removal of parathyroid adenoma is not safe.     

Periodontal diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes: Mechanisms

Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) have been defined as (a) pre-term birth, when there is a delivery before 37 completed weeks (<259 days); (b) pre-eclampsia, which is a multisystem disorder of pregnancy characterized by maternal hypertension and proteinuria after the 20th gestational week; (c) low and very low birthweight, depending on whether the weight of the baby is less of 2500 g or <1500 g and (d) the spontaneous death of the fetus with <20 weeks (miscarriage) or between 20 and 36 weeks (stillbirth). In 2012, during the Consensus Report from the Joint EFP/AAP workshop on periodontitis and systematic diseases the role of periodontal diseases on APOs was reviewed. Some years later, this evidence has grown, and an update on the literature regarding the mechanisms related to this potential association (APOs and periodontal diseases) needs to be presented. The two major pathways (direct and indirect) already accepted in 2012 are still valid nowadays. Most evidence published in the last 5 years deals with a strong and solid evidence coming from the direct pathway while there is as scarce new evidence regarding indirect pathway. In this direct pathway, the haematological dissemination of oral microorganisms and their products, would later induce an inflammatory/Immune response in the foetal-placental unit. The most plausible route for this direct pathway is the hematogenous transmission through dental bacteremia, although not many new studies dealing with bacteremia has been performed lately.     

血栓弹力图、D-二聚体预测妊娠高危高凝抗凝治疗终点并发DVT的诊断价值

目的探讨血栓弹力图、D-二聚体在妊娠高危高凝抗凝治疗终点并发DVT患者中的预测效果。方法取2016年1月～2017年4月医院收治的孕20～40周妊娠高血压孕妇90例,设为妊娠高危组;取同期入院普通孕妇60例,设为正常对照组。均给予血栓弹力图分析仪对两组进行评估;采用散色比浊法测定两组D-二聚体(Ddimer,D-D)水平。妊娠高危组根据评估结果分为高血压组(n=78)和高血压用药组(n=12)。高血压组不采取措施处理,高血压用药组采用阿司匹林抗凝处理,利用血栓弹力图分析仪再次对患者进行评估并完成D-D水平的测定,分析血栓弹力图、D-二聚体在妊娠高危高凝抗凝治疗终点并发DVT患者中的预测效果。结果高血压用药组血块动力(K)低于高血压组(P0.05);高血压用药组凝血指数、血块强度、D-D水平均高于高血压组(P0.05);妊娠高危高凝抗凝治疗终点并发DVT预测效能较好指标依次为:Alpha、MA及CI联合D-二聚体,诊断敏感性、特异性均相对较高。结论血栓弹力图中Alpha、MA及CI联合D-二聚体能预测妊娠高危高凝抗凝治疗终点并发DVT情况,能指导临床治疗,值得推广应用。